Boletim informativo NEPS
Universidade do Minho. Instituto de Ciências Sociais. Núcleo de Estudos de População e Sociedade
2001-11-01
Resultados de pesquisa
Foram encontrados 195 registos.
The author intends, with this article, to develop the following issues according to Klaus Conrad perspective: Freedom as the basic fundament of existence; Experimentation and the experiential ground; the anthropologically inspired dynamic-evolutive and systemic models; the clinical and scientific environment in Conrad's day; the schizophrenic ailing according to Conrad's perspective and the structural analysis of schizophrenic delusions.
The Aristotelic Logic, which is characterized by four laws, is commonly accepted as being representative of normal though, when considered in its formal aspect. Arieti defends the existence of another logic, one that he has designated "Paleological", which was dominant in human beings in the beginning of their evolution, and that also occurs in certain characteristics of infantile thought, as well as in the primary process (manner in which the unconscious operates). The same author considers that this logic, whoch is quiescent, emerges in schizophrenic thought, dominating and overlapping the Aristotelian logic. In order to escape from anguish, the shizophrenic patient abandons Aristotelian norms of thought and adopts the Paleological form, because by interpreting reality, in light of Aristotelian logic, it's felt to be threatening and ...
During the transition of the XIX to the XXth century, several changes took place in the dominant moral psychiatric paradigm. In the movement, that opposes the former romantic and normative vision of behaviour and intentions, the primacy of observation and description emerges as a superior clinical method, organizing knowledge and investigation. Kraepelin in one of the main figures that emerges, with a remarkable masterpiece, his "Treatise of Psychiatry", including several editions, each one resulting in reformulations according to the new data he obtained. Comparing Kraepelin's work - or other contemporary authors - with posterior essays on thought and language in shizophrenia would be incongruous, because the irreducibility of a clinical to an experimental method. The aim of this paper is merely to show the relation between clinical d...
Introduction: School bullying is the most common type of violence in schools and seems to be increasing in recent years. The various types of aggression and victimization by bullying occur with different frequencies depending on the gender of the students.Objectives: To determine the frequency of different types of victimization and aggression by bullying among participating public school students of Guimarães. To compare frequencies of victimization and aggression by bullying between female and male students.Study Design: Observational and cross-sectional study.Methods: An equal number of classes of the 6th and 8th grade in public schools was selected in the municipality of Guimarães, Portugal. The students autonomously completed a questionnaire with demographic information and the Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale adapted t...
"Disturbances of perception, orientation and memory, in the sense that they were previously defined, never belong to schizophrenia: whereas they prove the existence of some other psychoses, they do not exclude the possibility of schizophrenia. On the other hand, definite schizophrenia disturbances of association alone are sufficient for the diagnosis" (p.298)"Of the thousands of associative threads which guide our thinking, this disease seems to interrupt, quite haphazardly, sometimes such single threads, sometimes a whole group, and sometimes even large segments of them. In this way, thinking becomes illogical and often bizarre." (p.14)These quotations harmonise with our current concepts of a failure of integration of diverse brain regions in this psychiatric disorder. Bleuler tended to see and to treat the more chronic "process" case...
This paper reviews the contribuitions of Silvano Arieti to the psychodinamic treatment of schizophrenia and places them in the context of the current era and its intellectual tensions regarding this disorder and its treatment. The author includes personal anectdotes to illustrate her thesis that psychodinamic approaches remain vitally important and are tragically underutilized recently. The International Society for the Psychological Treatments of the Schizophrenias and Other Psychoses, ISPS, aims at redressing this problem.
Introduction: Epilepsy is a prevalent chronic neurological disease. Due to biologic, psychological and social factors, epileptic patients have higher susceptibility to develop psychiatric comorbidities.Objectives: Critical review of the association between epilepsy and psychiatric pathology, in order to provide the means for a conscious and informed clinical approach.Methods: The included articles were selected through the Pubmed database with the query “((“Epilepsy”[Mesh]) AND “Mental Disorders”[Mesh]) AND “Comorbidity”[Mesh]”. Additionally were consulted official reports of International League Against Epilepsy and World Health Organization.Results and Conclusions: Between 15% and 70% of patients with epilepsy have psychiatric pathology, which can be classified in peri-ictal or inter-ictal. Depression is the most frequent pathology,...
Background: The attachment theory aims to explain how the biological predispositions and the earlier experiences influences the mental health and psychopathology.Aims: To present a clinical case about Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in a male adolescent with an anxious attachment style. A review about Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Attachment is also presented.Methods: A case report about an adolescent with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder with comorbid Restrictive Food Intake Disorder and Generalized Anxiety Disorder is presented. The Father and Mother Attachment Questionnaire was applied to clarify the attachment style. A review of the theme was made exploring the connection between attachment and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, its approach and treatment.Results: The Father and Mother Attachment Questionnaire revealed an anxious attach...
Background: Catatonia is a neuropsychiatric syndrome, classically related to schizophrenia, but more often associated with other psychiatric, neurological and/or metabolic causes.Case Report: A 61-year-old man was admitted in the Psychiatric Department with catatonia of unknown etiology. He was submitted to a detailed investigation including electroencephalogram that revealed triphasic periodic activity and cranial magnetic resonance imaging that revealed brain cortical and subcortical atrophy of frontal and medial temporal predominance. The patient was then transferred to the Neurology Department. An increase of 14.3.3 protein in the cerebrospinal fluid, was detected and a presumptive diagnosis of spongiform encephalopathy was made. The clinical picture worsened with plurisegmental myoclonus, episodes of ocula...
Kraepelin's concept of dementia praecox and Bleuler's concept of the group of schizophrenias differ mainly under the aspect of course of the disorder. Follow-up studies play an important role for research regarding course, outcome and prognosis of psychiatric disorders, especially in terms of validation of psychiatric diagnosis and other psychiatric concepts, such as the concept of schizophrenic negative symptoms. Long-term studies also have their place in the description and evaluation of first treatment procedures. This paper will describe some general aspects of the long-term course and outcome of schizophrenic psychoses. The problem of relapses and relapse prevention will then be discussed. Especially data from recent studies will be considered in this overview.
