Boletim informativo NEPS
Universidade do Minho. Instituto de Ciências Sociais. Núcleo de Estudos de População e Sociedade
2001-11-01
Psychological correlates of formal carers of people with intellectual disability: a Portuguese sample 
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Correlatos psicológicos de cuidadores formais de pessoas com deficiência mental: amostra portuguesa
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Aims: Daily work with people with mental disabilities is extremely demanding, both physically and psychologically. This study aims to characterize different workers of institutions that deliver care to people with intellectual disabilities regarding their stress vulnerability, personality type, coping strategies and psychopathological symptoms and explore associations between these variables and some sociodemographic and professionals variables. Methods: 68 professionals from institutions that work with people with mental disabilities, aged between 19 to 62 years (M = 36.3, SD = 11.65), answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the 23-Stress Vulnerability Questionnaire (23-QVS), the Eysenck Personality Inventory-12 (EPI-12), the Brief Cope, and the Brief Symptoms Inventory (BSI). Results: In this sample of workers, higher levels of stress vulnerability were associated with higher levels of neuroticism and of psychopathological symptoms. Women presented higher levels of somatization, younger professionals and with less education were more vulnerable to stress. Work overload was associated to stress vulnerability and to psychopathological symptoms. Conclusions: This study confirms that workers of institutions that receive people with intellectual disabilities present higher levels of stress vulnerability and higher risk of developing psychopathological symptoms. It is urgent to implement intervention measures (preventive and/or therapeutic) to relieve these professionals stress, improving their mental health. It seems that workers with higher levels of neuroticism might benefit more from these interventions.
Objetivos:O trabalho diário com pessoas portadoras de deficiência mental é extremamente exigente do ponto de vista físico e psicológico. Este estudo pretende caraterizar trabalhadores diversos de instituições que prestam cuidados a pessoas com deficiência mental quanto à sua vulnerabilidade ao stress, tipo de personalidade, estratégias de coping e sintomas psicopatológicos e explorar associações entre essas variáveis e algumas variáveis sociodemográficas/profissionais. Métodos:68 trabalhadores de instituições que recebem pessoas com deficiência mental, entre os 19 e os 62 anos (M = 36,28; DP = 11,65), responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico, ao 23-Questionário de Vulnerabilidade ao Stress (23-QVS), ao Inventário de Personalidade de Eysenck-12 (IPE-12), ao Brief-Cope e ao Brief Symptoms Inventory (BSI). Resultados:Nesta amostra de trabalhadores, níveis maiores de vulnerabilidade ao stresse associaram-se a níveis mais elevados de neuroticismo e de sintomatologia psicopatológica. As mulheres apresentaram maiores níveis de somatização, os profissionais mais novos e com menor grau de escolaridade mostraram ser mais vulneráveis ao stresse. O excesso de horas de trabalho associou-se à vulnerabilidade ao stresse e à sintomatologia psicopatológica. Conclusões:Este estudo confirma que os trabalhadores de instituições que recebem pessoas com deficiência mental apresentam níveis elevados de vulnerabilidade ao stresse e risco de sofrer de sintomatologia psicopatológica. É urgente implementar medidas de intervenção (preventivas ou terapêuticas) no sentido de aliviar o stresse destes cuidadores, melhorando a sua saúde mental. Parece que os trabalhadores com níveis mais elevados de neuroticismo poderão beneficiar mais destas intervenções.
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