Teste Repositóri
2014-01-01
Resultados de pesquisa
Foram encontrados 78 registos.
Desafios do estudo: realizar e optimizar a técnica para demonstração de MN em linfócitos de sangue periférico e células esfoliadas da mucosa bucal; screening de MN; estudo de polimorfismos. Objectivos do estudo: identificar efeitos para a saúde; comparar a frequência de MN em linfócitos do sangue periférico e em células esfoliadas da mucosa bucal dos trabalhadores expostos a FA nos laboratórios de AP –patologistas, técnicos e auxiliares com controlos.
Planear e aplicar metodologias de selecção, descrição e recolha de material biológico proveniente de órgãos e tecidos humanos, colaborando activamente para o exame anatomo-patológico e elaborando relatório analítico macroscópico.
Profissional de APCT: conteúdo funcional regulado pelo D.L. nº 564/99 de 21/12, D.L. nº 261/93 de 24/07, D.L. nº 320/99 de 11/08; planeia, processa, avalia e controla as várias fases de estudo e tratamento de amostras de tecidos colhidos no organismo vivo ou morto, para observação macroscópica e microscópica, óptica ou electrónica, com vista à realização do diagnóstico anátomo-patológico; aplica conhecimentos de morfologia normal, histologia, biologia celular/molecular e genética, bem como conhecimentos processuais de técnicas e métodos cito e histopatológicos avaliando a qualidade dos seus resultados; tem como grandes áreas de intervenção o diagnóstico/prognóstico e a prevenção da doença, o Técnico de Anatomia Patológica, Citológica e Tanatológica desenvolve ainda acções e colabora em programas de rastreio, educação e promoção para a ...
The increase of mortality from cancer brought urgency in identification and validation of predictive markers of risk and therefore early diagnosis. There is evidence that cytogenetic biomarkers are positively correlated with risk of cancer, and this is validated by studies of cohort and case-control. Cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assay is used extensively in molecular epidemiology, and can be considered as a “cytome” assay covering cell proliferation, apoptosis, necrosis and chromosomal changes. The chromosomal alterations most reported and studied by the CBMN are: micronucleus (MN), nucleoplasmic bridges (NPB) and nuclear buds (NBUDS). The use of the MN assay in biomonitoring studies had a large increase in the last 15 years and international projects such as the HUMN have helped to increase the applicability and reliability...
The methods of molecular biology applied in epidemiological research lead us to the realm of molecular epidemiology, where there is immense potential for the establishment of associations between cancer and exposure to risk factors in lifestyle, profession, or pollution. Human biomonitoring consists, on the one hand, in research and identification of hazardous environmental conditions and, on the other hand, in the assessment of cancer risk following exposure to such conditions. Since carcinogenesis is a lengthy process, the biomarkers used to recognize biological abnormalities are selected and developed in the realm of molecular epidemiology. Such biomarkers are quantifiable and allow for the recognition of progression from normal to abnormal biological conditions at the molecular level. They can be categorized in biomarkers of exposu...
Tese de mestrado em Biologia Molecular e Genética, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2017
Micronuclei (MN) in exfoliated epithelial cells are widely used as biomarkers of cancer risk in humans. MN are classified as biomarkers of the break age and loss of chromosomes. They are small, extra nuclear bodies that arise in dividing cells from centric chromosome/chromatid fragments or whole chromosomes/chromatids that lag behind in anaphase and are not included in the daughter nuclei in telophase. Buccal mucosa cells have been used in biomonitoring exposed populations because these cells are in the direct route of exposure to ingested pollutant, are capable of metabolizing proximate carcinogens to reactive chemicals, and are easily and rapidly collected by brushing the buccal mucosa. The objective of the present study was to further investigate if, and to what extent, different stains have an effect on the results of micronuclei s...
Worldwide formaldehyde is manipulated with diverse usage properties, since industrial purposes to health laboratory objectives, representing the economic importance of this chemical agent. Therefore, many people are exposed to formaldehyde environmentally and/or occupationally. Considering the latter, there was recommended occupational exposure limits based on threshold mechanisms, limit values and indoor guidelines. Formaldehyde is classified by the International Agency for Cancer Research (IARC) as carcinogenic to humans (group 1), since a wide range of epidemiological studies in occupational exposure settings have suggested possible links between the concentration and duration of exposure and elevated risks of nasopharyngeal cancer, and others cancers, and more recently, with leukemia. Although there are different classifications, s...
Tese de mestrado, Biologia (Biologia Molecular Humana), 2009, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
Molecular epidemiology is an approach increasingly used in the establishment of associations between exposure to hazardous substances and development of disease, including the possible modulation by genetic susceptibility factors. Environmental chemicals and contaminants from the anthropogenic pollution of air, water, and soil, but also originating specifically in occupational contexts, are potential sources of risk of development of the disease. Also, diet presents an important role in this process, with some well-characterized associations existing between nutrition and some types of cancer. Genotoxicity biomarkers allow the detection of early effects that result from the interaction between the individual and the environment; they are therefore important tools in cancer epidemiology and are extensively used in human biomonitoring st...
