Boletim informativo NEPS
Universidade do Minho. Instituto de Ciências Sociais. Núcleo de Estudos de População e Sociedade
2001-11-01
Resultados de pesquisa
Foram encontrados 14 registos.
This paper begins with an introduction where the aims are explained: a psychopathological analysis of a Shakespearean character - Othello – followed by the discussion of the English dramatist’s importance in helping us understand madness in the emergent world of Renaissance. The main characteristics of Othello’s personality, which allowed the development of his jealousy delusion, are described. Finally, the conclusions underline the overlap of the symptoms developed by the character with the DSM-IV classification.
In the second part of this paper, the author initially stresses the literary context of "King Richard II", which allowed that we can it it like an historical drama rather than a tragedy; in the following section, the author analyses, from a phenomenological point of view, Richard II character and its parallelism with the opinion of authors, such as Minkowsky and Binswanger about time experience in depressive patients. In the conclusions, he stresses the genius of Shakespeare, in his search of human condition which allowed the revelationb of madness as belonging to it.
The author presents in a short introduction the organization of this paper. Then he refers, in the first chapter, the popperian model of learning and its implications in the austrian philosopher's ideas about scientific evolution. Secondly, the author presents the kuhnian model with a special focus in the theories about paradigms and scientific evolution. Finally, there is a short chapter about the main similarities and differences between the two philosophers in these matters.
In this paper we will analyze the founda- tion of Rilhafoles Hospital, Portugal ́s first psychiatric hospital as well as the context that led to its inception. The book “Os Alienados em Portugal” by António Sena (1883), a Portuguese alienist and first director of Conde Ferreira Hospital, will be the primary source. To achieve this purpose, we will add some further contributions from other works focused on that period of Portuguese psychiatry. In the ensuing sections we will stress the histori- cal developments of the foundation of the main European psychiatric institutions and will overview the book “Dos Estabelecimentos de Alienados nos Principais Estados da Europa” (1844) by Bernardino António Gomes, a generalist physician, director of the Portuguese Navy ́s Hospital, in which he reports his visits to some of these insti- tutions. ...
This paper initially reviews the historical development of the concept of paraphrenia, stressing Kraepelin’s important contribution, as well as the progressive fading out of this diagnosis during the XXth century. Then, a recent study supportting the validity of the diagnosis of paraphrenia is pointed out. Concepts, such as “late paraphrenia” and “affective paraphrenia”, are mentioned. In the conclusions, the relevance of paraphrenia diagnosis is discussed.
Modern medicine has many roots on greco-roman practice of the medical art. The authors analyse the work De Medicina by Aulus Cornelius Celsus. They look upon the nature of the medical knowledge, the principles of ethics, causality and describe the mental disorders (phrenitis, depression, third insanity, seizure disorder and womb disease), with special detail to signs and symptoms, treatment and prognosis. An association with current medical knowledge is established.
The human experience of time has been the object of study since antiquity, ranging from philosophers to contemporary neuroscience researchers. Some experiences may disturb the relation than Man has with Time, be they general and mundane situations – like a child playing with his toy (Thomas Fuchs) – to diseases, such as depressive or manic experiences or the schizophrenic way-of-being-in-theworld. We outline some concepts regarding temporality and shortly after we head on to the disturbance of temporality in the manic experience, both in the world-time (chronometric, explicit) and lived time (implicit) dimensions, with contributions from several authors, such as Eugène Minkowski, Leston Havens, Ludwig Binswanger, Medard Boss and Thomas Fuchs.
The current concept of paraphrenia has its historical origins in Emil Kraepelin's work. Several factors, however, contributed to the fading out of this disorder, namely the follow-up study of W. Mayer, the influences of Bleuler and of some related concepts, such as Roth's late paraphrenia. Over the last decades Alistair Munro and co-workers have contributed to the clarification and precision of the paraphrenia concept. One of the essentials steps was to come up with a specific set of diagnostic criteria, which are presented here translated to Portuguese.
Opium was known and frequently used in Roman society. Medical practice recognized its usefulness as an analgesic, soporific, anti-tussic or anti-diarrheic agent, as well as other currently unsupported uses with quasi-magical properties. It was additionally used as an ingredient in antidotes, panaceas and poisons. The authors present a non-exhaustive compilation of opium use according to medical doctors, writers and encyclopaedists of the time. Mythological and literary representations of the opium poppy reflected its diverse roles, being associated with prosperity and fertility, sleep, death and the underworld and with the art of medicine. Despite its free and routine use, there is no solid evidence of addiction, except the putative case of emperor Marcus Aurelius, consistently reported as one of the most likely cases of addiction to o...
